![]() ![]() Matronymic: A surname based on the given name of the mother.Patronymic: A surname based on the given name of the father.Personal name: The given name (or acquired name in some cultures) can precede a family name (as in most European cultures), or it can come after the family name (as in some East Asian cultures and Hungary), or be used without a family name.( July 2020) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Ĭommon components of names given at birth can include: Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. It is nearly universal for people to have names the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child declares that a child has the right to a name from birth. Ī person's personal name is usually their full legal name however, some people use only part of their full legal name, a title, nickname, pseudonym or other chosen name that is different from their legal name, and reserve their legal name for legal and administrative purposes. Certain isolated tribes, such as the Machiguenga of the Amazon, do not use personal names. Still other cultures lack the concept of specific, fixed names designating people, either individually or collectively. However, in some areas of the world, many people are known by a single name, and so are said to be mononymous. Similar concepts are present in Eastern cultures. Some cultures, including Western ones, also add (or once added) patronymics or matronymics, for instance as a middle name as with Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky (whose father's given name was Ilya), or as a last name as with Björk Guðmundsdóttir (whose father is named Guðmundur) or Heiðar Helguson (whose mother was named Helga). Men's names and women's names are constructed using the same convention, and a person's name is not altered if they are married. However, the legal full name of a person usually contains the first three names (given name, father's name, father's father's name) and the family name at the end, to limit the name in government-issued ID. Where there are two or more given names, typically only one (in English-speaking cultures usually the first) is used in normal speech.Īnother naming convention that is used mainly in the Arabic culture and in different other areas across Africa and Asia is connecting the person's given name with a chain of names, starting with the name of the person's father and then the father's father and so on, usually ending with the family name (tribe or clan name). Surnames in the West generally indicate that the individual belongs to a family, a tribe, or a clan, although the exact relationships vary: they may be given at birth, taken upon adoption, changed upon marriage, and so on. In the name " Abraham Lincoln", for example, Abraham is the first name and Lincoln is the surname. In Western culture, nearly all individuals possess at least one given name (also known as a first name, forename, or Christian name), together with a surname (also known as a last name or family name). ![]() In linguistic classification, personal names are studied within a specific onomastic discipline, called anthroponymy. ![]() In many cultures, the term is synonymous with the birth name or legal name of the individual. Other cultures use other structures for full names.Ī personal name, full name, or prosoponym (from Ancient Greek prósōpon - person, and onoma - name), is the set of names by which an individual person is known, and that can be recited as a word-group, with the understanding that, taken together, they all relate to that one individual. This shows a structure typical for the Anglosphere, among others.
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